Smart drilling that meets technological requirements

Abstract

In manufacturing technology, hierarchical control remains one of the most relevant topics. When applying multiple control levels, the most complex challenge is achieving interaction between the different hierarchical levels within a unified mechatronic technological system (MTS). The successful integration of equipment results in an intelligent control system. This article discusses the results of experiments to determine the axial cutting force as a function of various combinations of electric currents in the stator and armature windings of a linear mechatronic actuator. The MTS consists of a two-level control system: a CNC machine tool and a mechatronic spindle. At the upper control level, the CNC device provides the necessary axial feed of the entire mechatronic spindle, based on the requirement to maintain the operational range for automatic regulation of cutting force parameters at the lower control level. The lower control level is represented by an intelligent mechatronic mechanism designed to stabilize or programmatically change the axial force and cutting torque. This means the force parameters are adjusted according to the technological requirements for processing parts made from anisotropic materials (e.g., polymer composite materials in engineering, living bone tissue in orthopedic surgery, etc.). Consequently, the anisotropy of material properties necessitates changes in drilling kinematic parameters to ensure the programmed provision of the specified cutting force parameters. Control at the lower level is implemented via two coils of the linear actuator. These coils interact with each other (through the interaction of their magnetic fields) and alter the axial feed force of the drill. The experimental results allow for determining the operational range of force parameters for the dynamic motion of the tool according to technological requirements, ensuring the necessary processing quality while maximizing cutting tool life